Bone Marrow Concentrate Injection for Cartilage Defects

A complex variety of biological elements, such as platelets, white blood cells, red blood cells, hematopoietic precursors, and nonhematopoietic precursors, can be found in bone marrow aspirate (BMA). The term “BMAC” is frequently used to refer to a mixture of bone marrow-isolated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and marrow components. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are of particular interest due to their ease of isolation, lack of ethical issues, and capacity to differentiate into cells necessary for treating osteochondral defects, such as osteocytes and chondrocytes. Different lineages of stem cells have been described that have varying cell-differentiation potential.

The patient’s pelvic bone is punctured with a needle to extract the bone’s marrow, which is then percutaneously injected at the nonunion location. This approach has the benefit of resolving fracture-healing issues without exposing either the donor site or the recipient site during surgery.

In patients with osteoarthritis, tendon injuries, and other orthopaedic diseases, current research and clinical experience have demonstrated encouraging outcomes in reducing pain and stiffness, improving function, and boosting cartilage and bone healing. The advantages of these treatments normally endure between two and five years.